• Patterns of sport injuries across decades reveal gender- and sport-specific risks, including higher injury rates among male athletes and in football and wrestling, with early evidence of women’s injury experiences across high school and collegiate settings [1][10][19][14][12].

• An integrated psychology of injury connects stress, life-event exposure, mood states, and social context to injury risk and rehabilitation, synthesizing theoretical models with empirical findings on cognitive and affective mechanisms driving injury and recovery [3][6][8][9].

• Development and validation of sport psychology instruments and constructs—Sport Orientation Questionnaire, Sport Competition Anxiety Test, and sport-confidence/competitive-orientation models—providing standardized measures for researchers and practitioners [7][4][2].

• Applications of psychology to high-performance sport emphasize skills training and elite-performance profiles, outlining future PST directions and descriptive studies of how elite athletes deploy psychological strategies [20][17][13].